الأضرار التي لحقت بالتراث سوريا – 27 يوليو 2015

الأضرار التي لحقت التراث السوري

27 يوليو 2015

Updated Statement regarding information sharing and data verification

In light of the ongoing reports of destruction of heritage in the Middle East, Heritage for Peace would like to reiterate that it is not our purpose here to verify the reports referred to in this newsletter. Whilst we acknowledge the concerns posed regarding unverified information, the collation of such information serves to aid understanding of the conflict, and the motivations and priorities of the participants (both military and civilian), potentially aiding in finding solutions. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك, it assists those who do verify such information and conduct damage assessments by providing comprehensive data, من أجل مساعدة لتحقيق الاستقرار, تخفيف الضرر و, ترميم وإعادة الإعمار في المستقبل. We would like to stress that whilst some of our reports are received from people on the ground, they are volunteers, and their safety is our first concern. Furthermore, whilst the ethical importance, and propaganda value, of raising awareness has also been debated, all heritage destruction should not pass unremarked, either by the public or the professional heritage community. We feel that the importance of heritage is fundamental to all humanity: its loss is a tragedy, and in acknowledging this, we pave the way to develop shared strategies for its protection.

نرحب الآراء والاقتراحات ويمكن الوصول إليها في: contact@heritageforpeace.org

توفر هذه النشرة ملخصا لأحدث التقارير عن الأضرار التي لحقت بالتراث سوريا. ينبغي التأكيد على أن جزءا كبيرا من هذه البيانات لا يمكن التحقق, ولكن يؤمل أن ذلك سيساعد في توثيق الأضرار التي تحدث, وتساعد على رفع الوعي.

إذا كانت النشرة لا يعرض بشكل صحيح, انقر هنا لمشاهدته على الإنترنت في مستعرض.

المحتويات الرئيسية

جديدة من التراث للسلام | تحديثات بشأن الأضرار | تحديثات على النهب | التراث غير المادي | التقارير والتحديثات من DGAM السورية | التغييرات السياسة والتحديثات من سوريا | آخر الدولية | أخبار التحديثات

قصص

جديدة من التراث للسلام
التراث للمشاركة السلام في وسائل الإعلام

  • Last month a journalist interviewed Heritage for Peace, and then, in his article in the Economist, accused Heritage for Peace of training jihadi’s.

    Despite writing to ask for an official retraction, Heritage for Peace are disappointed that they have yet to recieve a reply. We have just contacted them again, and hope to receive a prompt response. لكن, we would like to formally state that the accusation that we train jihadis is both incorrect and offensive. وبالإضافة إلى ذلك, the article stated that the Mr Tiejgeler ‘has re-employed 150 former antiquities officials who worked in the two-thirds of Syria that is now rebel-held.” They have not been employed by Mr Tiejgeler. The NGO has agreed to work with them on certain projects: Heritage for Peace are their partners, not their managers.

    Given the severity of the situation in Syria, it is disappointing to see the quality of the reporting. We wish that the journalists would devote more care such a serious topic.

  • Heritage for Peace’s work is featured in a 10 يوليو 2015 story on Palmyra in National Geographic Magazine, Syrians Race to Save Ancient City’s Treasures from ISIS.
  • The work of HFP is featured in a June 25 2015 piece in the Argentine paper La Nacion, Arte por armas: el saqueo arqueológico, otra fuente de financiación para EI.
  • HFP is featured in a CNN report from July 19 2015, Saving Syria’s ancient past from ISIS, (although readers should note that the report contains several innacuracies about HFP’s work).

تحديثات بشأن الأضرار
(Lion statue before alleged destruction. مصدر الصور: ويكيبيديا)

Damage Confirmed to Palmyra

A comprehensive report on damage to Palmyra between February 2012 وحزيران 2015 was released by APSA and the ASOR Syrian Heritage Initiative on June 29 2015. It can be downloaded in English هنا, في الفرنسية هنا, وباللغة العربية هنا.

The damage includes:

  • Reports that airstrikes may have damaged the thick northern wall running alongside the Temple of Bel-Shamin, وفق the Telegraph.
  • Reports that IS has destroyed the famous statue of a lion from the Temple of Allat at Palmyra. وليس واضحا عندما دمر هذا التمثال وبالفعل تقارير من هذا الفعل قد عممت سابقا. لكن, the DGAM told AFP “IS members on Saturday [27 يونيو] destroyed the Lion of al-Lat, which is a unique piece that is three metres [10ft] tall and weighs 15 tonnes”, و confirmed it on their website (although there are discrepancies in the date).
  • The destruction of two shrines, demolished by ISIS: that of Sheikh Mohammed Ali, and that of Abu Behaedinne, reported by the DGAM هنا.
  • DGAM تقارير from July 2 2015 that ISIS destroyed some smuggled statues from Palmyra after seizing them in the city of Manbij, close to Aleppo, picked up by حلب نيوز و Paul Barford.
  • أخيرا, the DGAM reported في 21 June that IS are laying mines in areas of Palmyra, although Paul Barford has pointed out that this may have a silver lining, as it could prevent fighting occuring in the ruins if the government try and retake the site.
  • This could become very important – وفقا لل International Business Times (10 يوليو), و Reuters, the Syrian army is ready to attack Palmyra.
  • According to the Facebook group Palmyra News Updates في 16 يوليو, IS released several photos of the Citadel at Palmyra showing it unharmed, متاح هنا.
Damage to the citadel in Aleppo. (مصدر الصور: Reuters, 12 يوليو 2015)

Damage updates for Aleppo

  • A tunnel bomb brought down part of the ancient قلعة wall of Aleppo on Sunday July 12 2015, وفق Reuters, ولل BBC. It is not clear who was responsible.
  • A فيديو by the Association for the Protection of Syrian Archaeology on 3 يوليو 2015 shows the damage to the Hammam al-almaji, Bab Al-Naser, part of Aleppo World Heritage Site.
  • A second فيديو by the Association for the Protection of Syrian Archaeology on 1 يوليو 2015 shows the damage to the Altunbugha Mosque, part of Aleppo World Heritage Site.
Damage to Bosra. (مصدر الصور: DGAM)

Damage updates for Bosra and Maaraba, near Bosra

Location of Karkamis, ancient Karkamis and the border. (مصدر الصور: Bibleplaces.com Blog)

Additional sites damaged

  • وفق سوريا 360, ISIS have laid mines along the Syrian-Turkish border near Karkamis city in Gaziantep. It is unknown whether this included the outer town of the ancient tell of Carchemish, which is on the Syrian side of the border. This blog post by BiblePlaces.com accurately reproduces Woolley’s early excavation map of Carchemish and its outer town on Google Earth, and shows Karkamis, والحدود السورية-التركية. ويصف التقرير أيضا كيف تم مسح الألغام من 1950s على الجانب التركي مؤخرا فقط.
  • في 3 يوليو 2015 the DGAM reported that the museum at Daraa had received minor damage.
  • في 12 يونيو 2015, the DGAM reported damage to the al-Ashaari watermill near Deraa.
  • On June 15 the famous mosaic museum in Maarat al-Nu’man was severely damaged by barrel bombs. The attack has been condemned by UNESCO. Reports were published by the DGAM, and by the Association for the Protection of Syrian Archaeology.
  • A detailed report by UNOSAT analysing satellite imagery covering older damage to the town of Maarat al-Nu’man متاح هنا.

تحديثات على النهب
ISIS-issued excavation permit?

The Association for the Protection of Syrian Archaeology has released a picture of a permit, possibly issued by ISIS, to allow excavation on behalf of their ‘Ministry of Antiquities’.

Looted items returned to Maaloula

وفق Al-Manar, a number of historical artifacts, including a statue, bells and plates, looted from the Tentative World Heritage Site of Maaloula have been returned

Raids provide insight into the antiquities trade

  • There has been a great deal of discussion about the Syrian and Iraqi artefacts (including some fakes), recovered in the aftermath of the US Special Forces raids in eastern Syria on May 15 2015. Some of the most detailed are the posts by Sam Hardy on his Conflict Antiquities blog هنا و هنا, and the the statement from the US Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. This may be the first material proof that IS are trafficking antiquities.
  • وبالإضافة إلى ذلك, Conflict Antiquities has written an interesting blog post investigating transit routes and forgeries, and has also identified some of the possible mechanisms by which ISIS conduct their work, identifying a book that was seized in the raid (details هنا و هنا).
Looted items in Syria appearing internationally

  • Swedish police are investigating the appearance of looted artefacts from Syria in Sweden, according to the International Business Times.
  • An investigation by UCL archaeologist, Mark Altaweel, إلى the Guardian on July 3 2015, argued that looted Syrian artefacts are being sold in the UK.
  • Bloomberg, on June 28 2015, reported that IS is increasingly selling art online to compensate for cuts to its revenue flows caused by coalition airstrikes on oil infrastructure.
  • In fact, وفقا لDGAM, they have recovered 65 000 artefacts so far (14 يوليو 2015)!
التراث غير المادي
Syria’s only commercial winery. (مصدر الصور: BBC)

Making wine in a warzone

The BBC has reported هنا on how war is threatening wine-making in Syria, affecting Syira’s only commerical winery.

التقارير والتحديثات من السورية المديرية العامة للآثار والمتاحف
DGAM and rebels cooperate to save sites

وفق USA Today, “Despite a raging four-year civil war, rebel factions and Syrian officials are working together to protect the country’s rich heritage site

[…]

The group counts Bosra — a former capital of the Roman province of Arabia and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in southern Syria — among its successes. The association helped coordinate a cease-fire between the rebels and the Syrian government, saving ancient ruins that included a well-preserved second-century Roman theater.

Under the deal, rebel groups withdrew from ancient parts of the city, and Syrian forces pledged not to shell the area. A month later, archaeologists were restoring parts of the damaged site, and a local militia took responsibility for protecting it from looters.

[…]

Now, archaeologists on both sides of the conflict are trying to save the Idlib Museum in western Syria and the 15,000 antiquities hidden for protection in its basement. The artifacts came under threat this year when a rebel force overtook the city, and the government fought back.”

التغييرات السياسة والتحديثات من سوريا
Syria signs MoU against stealing of antiquities

Iran and Syria signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) في 22 June on cooperation in domestic security, and the fight against terrorism and its financing. The MoU also calls for cooperation aginst the stealing of antiquities. A future meeting is planned to include Iraq. Details are available هنا.

آخر الدولية
European Parliament discusses Syrian heritage.

  • When discussing how to combat the illicit trade, members of the European Parliament stated “there are the legal conditions to consider … the possibility of involving UN blue helmets in this area”.

    وبالإضافة إلى ذلك, “European Commission representatives at the hearing confirmed that a study would soon be done on the trafficking of art objects on EU territory, focusing on imports, to ascertain the extent to which more detailed harmonised legislation is needed”

    Heritage for Peace would welcome the employment of soldiers under a UN peacekeeping mandate with an additional task in the designated area to protect cultural heritage, and curb the illicit trade in artefacts as well as the illegal digging of artefacts. These actions would be much like the CIMIC or Civil Affairs heritage tasks in armies from countries like the USA, Austria or the Netherlands.

UNESCO Actions

  • Recorded sessions of the World Heritage Committee, discussing Syria’s sites on the World Heritage in Danger list, are available هنا. ال 2015 State Party State of Conservation report for all 6 sites can be accessed from any UNESCO Syrian World Heritage site page. The link هنا is for Palmyra, and the report for all sites is the penultimate link in the list.
  • UNESCO will use satellites to keep track of damage of sites in Syria and Iraq, reports The Guardian on يوليو 1 2015.
  • UNESCO launched the Global Coalition Unite for Heritage Campaign on June 30 2015, designed to face the assault on cultural heritage head-on, as detailed هنا و هنا.
  • UNESCO DG Irina Bokova lectured at Chatham House on July 1 2015 on “Cultural Heritage: Extremism’s New Target”, followed by an expert panel discussing the issue.
Legal Actions

  • The UK government announced on June 20 2015 that it would ratify the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in Armed Conflict, designed to protect antiquities in war zones. The UK is the only permanent member of the UN Security Council who has not done so.

    As part of the ratification, Britain will create a fund to help with the recovery of monuments at risk from destruction and looting by Islamic State. There will also be a summit in September to co-ordinate responses to the threat to ancient sites in Iraq and Syria, including Palmyra.

  • ASOR and AIA have issued a joint statement concerning the American law HR 1493, on the protection of “international cultural property at risk” .
New training courses and workshops

  • The Islamic Manuscript Association are running a 3 day course – Islamic Manuscript Collections in Conflict Zones: Safeguarding Written Heritage

    5–7 October 2015, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, المملكة المتحدة. ويمكن الاطلاع على التفاصيل هنا.

  • ICOMOS and CyArk partnered on 30 June for a workshop on how to protect sites in Syria and Iraq: Emergency Recording and Archiving of Cultural Heritage in High Risk Zones. التفاصيل المتاحة هنا.
  • A German workshop was held on Friday 3rd July: “War against civilization. Does the sale of antiques promote international terrorism?” التفاصيل المتاحة (في الألمانية) هنا.
  • Possibly related (please bear with us while we work on translations), مشروع بحثي ألماني جديد يسمى ستركز ILLICID والبحوث حول الاتجار غير المشروع مع الأعمال الفنية الثقافية لالمقبل 3 سنوات. It is a national (ألماني) project by various instutions (Frauenhofer Insitut for Secure Information Technology, Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Leibnitz Instutute for Social Science…).

    ILLICID stands for “Verfahren zur Erhellung des Dunkelfeldes als Grundlage für Kriminalitätsbekämpfung und -prävention am Beispiel antiker Kulturgüter”. In a pilot study they are going to determine an efficient proceeding and instruments for inquiry, documentation and analysis of informations about illegal trade of cultural goods (especially from the Middle East because of the latest events) في ألمانيا. Details are available هنا.

    (With thanks to A Polzer).

  • “Strategies for Restoration and Reconstruction: المتاحف, Heritage Sites and Archaeological Parks in Post-War Countries” was held in Bern on 25 يونيو. على الرغم من العنوان واسع, there was a strong focus on Syria. Their programme can be seen هنا.
New Series: “الثقافة تحت التهديد: Terrorism and Profiteering”

The Antiquities Coalition launched a new series, “Culture Under Threat: Terrorism and Profiteering”, on June 23 2015. Details are available هنا.

New project aims to assist reconstruction in Aleppo

“The Center for Conflict, Negotiation and Recovery’s Aleppo Project (Central European University) aims to address three issues: How can donors better help those trying to survive in the midst of destruction and how can that aid help rebuild communities as well as cities? How can refugees maintain a voice in what happens to their cities while balancing the need to redevelop healthier communities? What can we learn from the recent reconstruction of cities such as Beirut, Kabul and Sarajevo?

The Aleppo Project aims to come up with policy tools and ideas that enhance the power of communities to determine their own futures and helps donors do more with less. The core principle is to help people, particularly refugees and women who are shut out of decisions on aid and reconstruction, find a voice.”

More information is available هنا.

V&A Culture in Crisis Conference available online

In response to the recent destruction of ancient treasures and historical sites in Syria and Iraq, Yale’s Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage (IPCH) and the Victoria and Albert Museum, لندن (V&A) organized a one-day conference titled “Culture in Crisis” under UNESCO patronage. The conference brought together conservation and preservation experts, museum directors and curators, العلماء, and representatives from ministries, national conservation authorities, foundations, and cultural consortiums from across Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the United States. Talks are available online هنا.

The declaration from the Culture on Crisis conference, signed by all participants, متاح هنا.

Facebook takes action

Facebook has removed pages facilitating the sale of looted antiquities for IS, according to The Daily Mail (يونيو 12 2015).

(There are a lot of problems with this article aabout FB closing pages selling looted artefacts, including some sensationalist figures, but at least FB are doing something. If you do come across such a page, don’t just report it to FB. Report it to Interpol, و make sure to save the pictures so those working on repatriation have a record of what has been stolen / looted. Remember, under the 1970 اتفاقية اليونسكو, countries like Syria and Iraq need to be able to prove an object was stolen to demand it back.)

Museums and exhibtions

  • Erin Thompson, Assistant Professor at John Jay College (CUNY) is putting together a an exhibition under the title “The Missing: Reconstructing, Reshaping, and Recovering Vanished Cultural Property.”

    The show will focus on what happens after the disappearance – how artists and scholars express their love and need for the vanished objects through the creation of artworks that react to or refer to the objects, through the painstaking reconstruction of the objects, or through fights to repatriate objects taken from one culture and tantalizingly displayed, out of reach, in another country.

    Any artists, العلماء, or individuals interested in participating (or wanting further information) should contact Prof. Thompson at ethompson@jjay.cuny.edu

  • According to an interview in the Express, the British Museum has taken steps to protect its artefacts from possible extremist attacks.
Mystery group works to save Syrian heritage

“It has no headquarters, no website, and no spokespersons prepared to see their real names in print or online.”

The Committee for Shared Culture (CSC) are a group of like-minded people who have come together to track down and recover the ancient artefacts that are – they fear – disappearing from archaeological sites throughout Iraq and Syria every day.

An anonymous spokesperson for the group was interviewed in the National.

Digital recording of Syria’s heritage

According to an interview in the BBC, Archaeologist Roger Michel and his team from the Institute of Digital Archaeology – a joint venture between Harvard University and the Classics Conclave – is hoping to flood areass including Syria with 3D cameras and enlist local partners to photograph as many items of historical interest as they can.

They have partnered with New York University’s Institute for the Study of the Ancient World to store the 3D images, and with Massachusetts Institute of Technology Three Dimensional Printing Laboratory to print them.

أخبار التحديثات

(غير المشمولة في أقسام أخرى)

Looting and destruction Syria’s heritage in the news

  • Article by Dr. Graciela Gestoso Singer that describes the ISIS’s war on cultural heritage and memory; analyzes the challenges for cultural heritage conservation in Iraq and Syria, and shows important measures for safeguarding cultural property from the Islamic State’s swath of destruction across the Middle East, متاح هنا.
  • Ross Burns on 2 يوليو 2015 has updated his Monuments of Syria site with a July 2015 report on current damage, متاح هنا.
  • Conflict Antiquities discusses the destruction of tombs in Syria under Islamic State, في this blog post.
  • ال New York Times considers IS’ use of archaeological sites on July 1 2015.
  • الوطني calls for a Syrian ‘museum in exile’, on June 24 2015.
  • Britain’s decision to join the Hague convention ‘will do nothing to stop ISIS’, argues the Apollo Magazine on June 30 2015. (If only ISIS were the only ones destroying cultural heritage!)
  • The New Yorker, on July 20 2015, offers an ancient perspective on the current situation at Palmyra, في this very popular article.
  • Al Jazeera, on July 12 2015, discusses ‘the future of ancient sites in the Middle East’.
  • Illicit Cultural Property Blog, on June 29 2015, considers that ‘short of military intervention there really is not much that can be done to dissuade those bent on erasing heritage’.
  • Vocativ notes on June 23 2015 that limited access to Syria and Iraq is making it difficult to keep track of the destruction of cultural heritage. (So true!)
  • ‘Global momentum’ gathers against ‘cultural cleansing’, reports the World Post on June 17 2015.
  • Can 3D printing help combat the loss of heritage? يسأل Motherboard.
  • Derek Fincham writes of “Palmyra as Propaganda Success” on June 22 2015 in his Illicit Cultural Property blog, as does هذا Conflict Antiquities post.
  • Reuters addresses “Blood antiquities” on June 10, 2015.

تم إنتاج هذه القائمة البريدية من قبل الدكتور إيما كونليف, بالتعاون مع التراث من أجل السلام

حقوق الطبع والنشر © 2015 التراث من أجل السلام, جميع الحقوق محفوظة.

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